Unit doses, likewise called dosage forms are pharmaceutical drug products in the form in which they are advertised for use. Dosage forms are composed of a specific mixture of both active and inactive excipients in a capsule shell (for example) and apportioned into a specific dose. For instance, two items may both be amoxicillin, yet one is in 500 mg capsules and another is in 250 mg chewable tablets.
In this article, we will take a concise outline of various kinds of dosage forms.
Capsules - is a solid dosage form in which medicament is encased in a delicate or hard gelatin shell.
Aerosol - are compressed dosage forms in which fluid or solid medications are suspended or disintegrated in a gas. The gas utilized in the spray is known as a propellant. At the point when we impel the holder a fine fog of fluid or strong items having at least one API is released.
Cachet - is a dosage form in which a dry powder is encased in a shell of rice flour. It is utilized for the administration of medications that have an upsetting taste.
There are two kinds of cachet:
· Wet Seal Cachet
· Dry Seal Cachet
Medicated Water - is known as sweet-smelling water. Aromatic water is a fluid dosage form and is characterized as Dilute aqueous solutions of volatile oils or volatile substances known as aromatic water. Some Aromatic water has therapeutic activity and most aromatic water is used as flavoring agents.
Powders - are solid dosage forms containing at least one dynamic ingredient expected for interior or outer use. The powders which are utilized for inward administration are known as oral powders and those which are outer muse are known as dusting powders.
Insufflations - is a solid dosage form having finely separated powders that are directed into body pits like the nose, ear, tooth socket, and vagina utilizing an embedding gadget known as an insufflator.
Granules - is a solid dosage form in which at least one medicament in powder structure is blended in with other excipients like diluents, disintegrants, and so on and are changed over into huge agglomerates by utilizing binder solution or utilization of pressure.
Effervescent Granules - is a kind of solid dosage form in which medicament and excipients are changed over into granules containing citrus extract and sodium bicarbonate. Corrosive and base respond to one another in fluid media to deliver carbon dioxide and medicaments are disintegrated in fluid media.
Tablets - is a unit solid dosage form containing at least one dynamic ingredient planned for oral administration. Tablets are ready by wet granulation, dry granulation, and direction compression strategies.
Lozenges - are solid dosage forms that contain at least one drugs which are broken up in the mouth. Lozenges are ready by trim or compression methods.
Pessaries - are unit solid dosage forms that are planned for vaginal use. The pessaries are made by utilizing bases that stay solid at room temperature but soften or break down in the vagina.
Suppositories - are solid dosage forms having a conelike or ovoid shape and are planned for insertion into body openings rather than the mouth.
Suppositories are inserted into
Magmas - are thick, viscous aqueous suspension preparations of insoluble inorganic drugs.
Bougies - are solid dosage forms intended to be administered into the nostrils or urethra.
Douche - is a liquid preparation that is used for cleaning the nose or vagina.
Draught - is a liquid dosage form containing a very small volume and these are mostly single doses.
Enema - is a liquid oily solution or suspension used for rectal administration.
Emulsion - is a dosage form and is defined as a thermodynamically unstable mixture of two immiscible liquids. Emulsion is a dosage form in which one liquid in form of globules is dispersed into another liquid phase.
Implants - are small sterile tablets that are intended for insertion under the skin by giving a cut to the skin and this cut is stitched after placing the tablet inside. Implants are used to release the drug slowly, usually for 3-6 months.
Solution Tablets - are solid dosage forms containing one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients which are then dissolved in a liquid to form a solution which is then consumed.
Syrup - is liquid dosage form which is sweet, a viscous concentrated solution of sucrose or other sugar in water or in other solvent or vehicle. Simple syrup only has sucrose and purified water. Medicated syrup contains medicaments and is used for therapeutic purposes. Non medicated Syrup is used as a sweetening or flavoring agent.
Solutions - are liquid dosage forms in which active pharmaceutical ingredients and other excipients are dissolved in water.
Suspension - is a liquid dosage form in which finely divided solid particles are suspended or dispersed in a liquid media. Suspensions are biphasic liquid dosage forms. Suspensions are heterogeneous systems having two phases, the continuous phase is a liquid or semisolid phase and the second is a dispersed or internal phase and is composed of insoluble matter.
Mouthwash - is a liquid dosage form and is also known as an oral rinse or mouth rinse. It is a liquid preparation that is held in the mouth for some time for an antiseptic or astringent effect.
Creams - are semisolid preparations in which one or more medicaments are dissolved or dispersed in an emulsion system.
Ointment - is a semisolid dosage form that is used for external application to the skin or mucous membrane. For the preparation of ointment along with API, different types of ointment bases are used. An ointment may be medicated or non-medicated. Ointments are translucent in appearance.
Ophthalmic Ointment - Ophthalmic ointments are sterile preparations that are intended for insertion into the eyes.
Paste - Pastes are semisolid dosage forms containing a higher percentage of Insoluble solids. Pastes are for external use.
Gels - are semisolid dosage forms containing a dispersion of small or large size molecules in liquid vehicles. Gels are prepared by the fusion process. Gels are also known as jellies.
Tincture - are liquid dosage forms that are prepared by dissolving the vegetable drugs in an alcoholic solvent.
Spirit - are liquid dosage forms and are prepared by dissolving the active pharmaceutical ingredients in a 90% alcoholic vehicle.
Collodions - is a dosage form that is liquid preparation and is used externally on the skin. Syrup-like preparation of nitrocellulose in ether and alcohol is known as collodions. Collodions should Store away from fire.
Sprays - Sprays are liquid dosage forms containing medicaments in alcoholic, glycerin, or aqueous vehicles.
Nasal Drops - Nasal drops are liquid dosage forms containing medicaments in liquid vehicles and are intended for insertion into nostrils.
Paints - Paints are liquid preparations in which medicament is dissolved in a volatile solvent and has a higher portion of glycerin. Paints are applied to the throat.
Irrigations - are liquid preparations that contain medicament and are used for washing the bladder, vagina, or nose to treat the infection.
Linctus - are sweet viscous liquid preparations having medicinal substances used for expectorant, sedative effects.
Liniments - are liquid or semisolid preparations that are applied to the skin by rubbing or by friction.
Injections - are sterile preparations in which medicaments are dissolved or suspended in a suitable vehicle.
Inhalations - are liquid preparations containing volatile substances.
Lotions - are liquid suspensions or dispersions used for external applications. Lotions are applied without friction.
Eye Lotions - are sterile preparations that are used for irrigating the eyes.
Eye & Ear Drops - these are sterile liquid preparations in which medicaments are dissolved or suspended in a vehicle and are intended to be introduced into the eye or ear.
Dentifrices - These are preparations that are applied for the cleaning of teeth.
Elixirs - are liquid preparations that contain higher alcoholic levels and are for oral administration.
